Electrical conductivity is the capacity of matter to conduct an electric current, indicating the ease with which electrical current flows through it. When an electrical potential difference is placed across a conductor, its movable charges flow, giving rise to an electric current. The conductivity σ is defined as the ratio of the current density J to the electric field strength E.
A conductor such as a metal has high electrical conductivity and a low resistivity. An insulator like glass or plastic has low conductivity and a high resistivity. Silver, copper, gold, and aluminum have the highest electrical conductivity.
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