Amikacin

Amikacin is a bactericidal antibiotic used to treat different types of bacterial infections. Amikacin belongs to the aminoglycoside group of antibiotics and works by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, causing misreading of mRNA and leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize proteins vital to its growth.

Amikacin is used for treating infections of central nervous system, urogenital system, biliary and intestinal tracts, intraabdominal infections, and pneumonia, caused by Gram-negative microorganisms, secondary infections after combustion, bacterial septicemia, infections of the bones and joints.

Amikacin is administered once or twice a day by the intravenous or intramuscular route, which tends to be painful. There is no oral form available.

Streptomycin

Streptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic which belongs to aminoglycoside group of antibiotics. It was the first to be discovered and the first remedy for tuberculosis. Streptomycin is derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus. It kills sensitive microbes by inhibiting protein synthesis. More specifically, it binds to the 16S rRNA of the bacterial ribosome and interferes with the binding of formyl-methionyl-tRNA to the 30S subunit.

Streptomycin is a water-soluble aminoglycoside. The chemical name of streptomycin sulfate is D-Streptamine.